Stained Glass & Muslim Culture

Muslim civilisations played a major role in inspiring the growth of the glass industry from the 8th century onwards. Mosques & cities were transformed into beautiful spaces richly decorated with glass. Here are 24 Islamic buildings & mosques, with stained glass…

Stained glass windows at The Nasir al-Mulk Mosque, Iran Constructed between 1876 & 1888, during the Qajar dynasty, which ruled Iran from 1785 to 1925. It has been dubbed the “Pink Mosque” due to the plethora of pink-colored tiles blanketing the ceiling

Image credit Pinterest

---

Stained glass window at Beit Al Qur'an, Hoora, Bahrain A multi-purpose complex dedicated to the Islamic arts. Established in 1990, the complex is most famous for its Islamic museum, which has been acknowledged as being one of the most renowned Islamic museums in the world.

Image credit Pinterest

---

Stained glass window at The Şemsi Pasha Mosque, Turkey. Designed by Ottoman imperial architect Mimar Sinan in 1581 for Grand Vizier Şemsi Pasha. It is one of the most attractive mosques in the city & a celebrated example of the chief architect's skills.

Image credit Pinterest

---

Stained glass windows at Grand Çamlıca Mosque, Turkey Currently the largest mosque in Turkey, it was completed and opened on 7 March 2019. The mosque stands astride Çamlıca Hill in the Üsküdar district of Istanbul and is visible from much of the centre of the city.

Image credit Pinterest

---

Stained glass window in a mosque in the Old City of Jerusalem, Palestine.

Image credit Wikimedia

---

Stained glass window at the Mosque-Cathedral of Cordoba, Spain It represents a unique artistic achievement due to its size height of its ceilings. It is an irreplaceable testimony of the Caliphate of Cordoba & is the most emblematic monument of Islamic religious architecture.

Image credit Alamy

---

Stained glass windows at Dowlatabad Garden, Yazd, Iran. Created in 1747 by Mohammad Taghi Khan Bafqi. It was listed as a UNESCO world heritage site in 2011, as part of the Persian gardens. It is also listed in UNESCO as a part of the historical city of Yazd in 2017.

Image credit Pinterest

---

Stained glass window at The Sultan Qaboos Grand Mosque, Oman In 1992, Qaboos bin Said al Said, the then Sultan of Oman, directed that his country should have a Grand Mosque. A competition for its design took place in 1993 it took 6 years and 7 months to complete.

Image credit Shutterstock

---

Stained glass windows at Bibi-Eybat Mosque, Baku, Azerbaijan The existing structure built in the 1990s is a recreation of the mosque with the same name built in the 13th century by Shirvanshah Farrukhzad II Ibn Ahsitan II, which was destroyed by the Bolsheviks in 1936.

Image credit Pinterest

---

Stained glass window at Selimiye mosque, Edirne, Turkey. Commissioned by Sultan Selim II, & was built by the imperial architect Mimar Sinan between 1568 & 1575. It was considered by Sinan to be his masterpiece & one of the highest achievements of Islamic architecture.

Image credit Pinterest

---

Stained glass window at Umayyad Mosque, Syria One of the largest & oldest mosques in the world. Christian & Muslim tradition alike consider it the burial place of John the Baptist, a tradition originating in the 6th century.

Image credit Pinterest

---

Stained glass window at Al-Aqsa Mosque, Jerusalem, Palestine. In the Old City of Jerusalem the 3rd holiest site in Islam. It was built on top of the Temple Mount, known as the Al Aqsa Compound or Haram esh-Sharif in Islam, several decades after Prophet Muhammad's (PBUH) death.

Image credit Pinterest

---

Stained glass window at Kul Sharif Mosque, Kazan, Russian Built in the 16th century, it was named after Kul Sharif, who was a religious scholar who served there. Kul Sharif died with his numerous students while defending Kazan from Russian forces in 1552.

Image credit Pinterest

---

Stained glass window at Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien Mosque, Brunei.

Considered one of the most beautiful mosques in the Asia Pacific. Construction of the mosque was completed on 26 September 1958. It is named after Omar Ali Saifuddin III, the 28th Sultan of Brunei Darussalam.

Image credit Pinterest

---

Stained glass windows at Sultan Ahmed Mosque, Turkey.

An Ottoman-era historical imperial mosque, it attracts large numbers of tourist visitors. It was constructed between 1609 and 1616 during the rule of Ahmed I. Its Külliye contains Ahmed's tomb, a madrasah and a hospice.

Image credit Pinterest

---

Stained glass window at Sheikh Zayed Grand Mosque, Abu Dhabi, UAE.

The largest mosque in the country, it is the key place of worship for daily prayers. Built between 1994 and 2007, the project was launched by the late president of the UAE Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan.

Image credit Pinterest

---

Stained glass window at Darül Kurra, Turkey.

Built in 1492 by Hodja Yakup. This “darulkurra”, a place where the Holy Qur’an was taught, is also known as “Hodja Yakup Darulkurra” or “Yer Kapı Muallimhanesi”.

Image credit Pinterest

---

Stained glass windows at Sheesh Mahal, Kot Diji, Sindh, Pakistan.

Built by Mir Fateh Ali Khan, who established the Talpur dynasty. Talpur architecture features a combination of various elements that have roots derived from Islamic, Mughal, Rajasthani & British buildings.

Image credit Pinterest

---

Stained glass window at Al-Aqsa Mosque, Jerusalem, Palestine.

In the Old City of Jerusalem the 3rd holiest site in Islam. It was built on top of the Temple Mount, known as the Al Aqsa Compound or Haram esh-Sharif in Islam, several decades after Prophet Muhammad's (PBUH) death.

Image credit Wikimedia

---

Stained glass window at Hagia Sophia, Turkey.

Hagia Sophia was built in 537, with minarets added in the 15th–16th centuries when it became a mosque. After the Fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman Empire in 1453, it was converted to a mosque by Mehmed the Conqueror.

Image credit Pinterest

---

Stained glass windows at the Khan's Palace of Shaki, Azerbaijan.

Built in 1797 by Muhammed Hasan Khan. It was intended to house the Khans who were in charge of Shaki, as viceroys of the ruling Zand & later Qajar Persian dynasties from 1750 - 1813 after the Russo-Persian War.

Image credit Pinterest

---

Stained glass window at Mosque-Cathedral of Córdoba, Spain.

The original structure was built by the Umayyad ruler ʿAbd ar-Raḥmān I in 784–786 with extensions in the 9th & 10th centuries that doubled its size, making it one of the largest sacred buildings in the Islamic world.

Image credit Pinterest

---

Stained glass windows at Fez Mosque, Morocco.

The historic main Friday mosque of Fes el-Jdid, the royal city and Marinid-era citadel of Fes, Morocco. It was founded in 1276, around the same time that the city itself was founded, making it the oldest mosque in Fes el-Jdid.

Image credit Pinterest

---

Stained glass windows at Sheki Khan’s Winter Palace, Azerbaijan.

Wander through the historic city of Sheki, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, to find the Sheki Khan’s Winter Palace. The 18th-century structure & its gorgeous stained glass are sure to leave you impressed.

Image credit Pinterest

---

Sources of Inspiration & Information

https://www.1001inventions.com/glass/

https://www.islamicspain.tv/the-science-and-culture-of-islamic-spain/25-subjects-of-science-and-culture/glass/

https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/slpg/hd_slpg.htm

https://kaleela.com/en/the-glass-making-art-of-islam-brief-history-of-its-unique-designs

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beit_Al_Quran#:~:text=Beit%20Al%20Qur'an%20(Arabic,Islamic%20museums%20in%20the%20world.

https://www.saoarchitects.com/five-most-beautiful-mosques-of-ottoman-empire-by-architect-sinan

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_Mosque_Cathedral_of_Cordoba_-_stained_glass_window_(14605698759).jpg

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dowlatabad_Garden

https://zamzam.com/blog/history-of-al-aqsa/